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Hi everyone, I’m currently enrolled in a bachelor’s degree in Mathematics in Italy (with elective courses in theoretical physics), and I’ve been exploring master’s opportunities in Europe (UK included).
Since I might get rejected from Cambridge, Oxford, ETH, and EPFL’s mathematics master’s programs (I’ll still apply, though), I’d like to have some solid alternatives lined up.
I also love the idea of doing a PhD, because I’m very into mathematics — especially statistics and everything related to it, so maybe ML too. I think a role as a quant researcher at a research-heavy hedge fund could be a really interesting career, so I’d like to do a PhD at a target European school after my master’s.
Given that, what do you think are the best (applied) mathematics master’s programs that:
**•** are well-recognized in Europe and open doors to a PhD in prestigious unis
**•** have a solid, rigorous mathematical core (I’m not looking for finance-oriented programs like the “El Karoui” master or similar quant-finance tracks, just serious mathematics or maybe some applications to ML, statistical learning…)
I noticed TUM’s MSc in Mathematics, TU Delft, and also the M1 Applied Mathematics and Statistics at Institut Polytechnique de Paris, which gives the opportunity to continue with M2 Mathematics, Vision, Learning or M2 Mathematics of Randomness. However, I’m not sure how internationally recognized this path is, since the whole IP Paris co-accreditation structure seems fairly recent and I couldn’t find much of a track record for it (few alumni on LinkedIn, rarely mentioned here compared to Oxbridge/ETH/EPFL/Imperial).

No, the rewards never stop. The rate just becomes lower and lower the more ETH is staked. If it becomes too low, people would stop staking because there would be better opportunities elsewhere, and then the rate would go back up. That incentive is there because stakers protect the network from attacks - they make it very, very expensive for a threat actor to attack the network.

Lido is not staking its own eth, it stakes more ETH if other entities decide to mint stETH. Lido *could* pay interest on stETH when the actual staking yield is 0% by paying from their reserves, but I very much doubt they would, that would be burning cash. That kind of behaviour can make sense in the traditional world where your competitors can go bankrupt and then you get a monopoly or quasi. Here neither Coinbase, Kraken , Binance, etc would go bankrupt if they stopped getting commissions from eth staking, it's a small part of their business. Not counting that solo stakers could just come back if the yield gets better again later. So why would Lido destroy their reserves for no long term benefit?

these are pretty much the only established non-scam, non-VC centralised slop coins, I wouldn't recommend anyone go further than BTC or ETH either if the goal is long term wealth.

> And once a majority of ETH is staked with an LST or a big centralized provider the risks of not staking with them are actually higher than staking with them. Because they have become de facto the canonical chain. Whatever happens they will be the dominant fork.
This isn't true. The dominant fork isn't decided by who has the most ETH. If you imagine a censorship with social slashing case where the centralized provider is doing the censoring, they will have their ETH deleted on the honest fork, and the greater their share of ETH the greater the resulting deflation (much beloved by the authors of this proposal) on the honest fork.

I agree with you on every point and all the reasons why it's a good idea to change the issuance, in *some way*, except for the reason that the proposal is an improvement and is better than doing nothing. I think this is wrong.
This is the also the reason why I've somewhat stupidly argued that the authors are saying we'll get to 100% staked ETH, even if I know people aren't saying we're getting to *exactly 100%* staked ETH, but this is an important error in the reasoning behind why the EIP is supposed to work and reach market equilibrium, when it's claimed that the current curve doesn't.
The proposed EIP claims to protect solo stakers because of "market equilibrium". This means "market participants aren't stupid, they'll stop adding new validators before the yield gets so low that solo stakers aren't making a profit, thereby protecting solo staking. And they'll certainly stop adding new validators before we get to 0% yield." This is frankly a completely ridiculous statement. There's no models or analysis or reasonable argument that can be made for how or why this is true. Here there's actually research showing why the propsed curve would hurt solo stakers and introduce a new attack vector, but the proponents for the EIP are ignoring this.
And, if we were to follow the same logic from above, that the market somehow ensures this outcome, "market equilibrium", we must also assume that the market will protect solo stakers under the current issuance curve. Because the proposed EIP doesn't invent any new mechanism to specifically protect solo stakers, either the market should obey the same kind of logic and safeguarding in both scenarios, or the logic falls and you can't reasonably argue that the stake will grow forever (or into those very high numbers) as it's being claimed. If the market is intelligent under the proposed EIP and that alone is enough to guarantee solo stakers are protected, we don't need to fear that stake keeps growing under the current design.

The easiest: some ETH is lost, it sits in wallets but can't be moved, so of course it won't get staked.
Some ETH is used as collateral in Defi. Over time, some of it can be replaced by liquid staked eth, but there's inertia, so it happens progressively, never fully.
Some people will prefer to hold ETH and not stake, by principle, as diversification, or for whatever other reason they might have.
Also, the remaining unstated will get slowly diluted by issuance. So at the same time, the unstated eth will never be 0, but the staking ratio will keep going higher.

Russia central bank just named BTC, ETH, and USDT the only cryptos eligible for retail trading

Shorting ETH

Scale for users and revenue or focus on being the best version of encrypted money. Increased security for markets you can't run is meaningless.
Security is already good enough. That's considering entities like Lido own a quarter of all staked ETH. This problem wouldn't still exist if Ethereum was truly optimizing for security. Either way, it's good enough.
Security on many major stake based network is good enough for global markets. Especially Ethereum's largest competitor. What happens when you incorporate native delegation. You can scale with security.
Scale or become the best version of encrypted money. The latest roadmap isn't showing promises of scaling to take back all defi, but it does show Ethereum has a future. Just not the future many wanted and significant upgrades still many years away. Why most still pretending defi remains on Ethereum. The TVL may. Not the activity, users, or their potential rev. So much gaslighting.

Algorand has much less brand recognition. If ETH is able to catch up to the technology, ALGO has no chance.

What happens when ETH stop giving staking yield? I read they would stop giving yeild once 50 percent supply is staked! Any insights?

Then tether collapses and sub10k territory, essentially having BTC, ETH and XMR as 3 cryptos, the rest will be eradicated.

I think you misunderstand or I'm not expressing myself well. *I* don't want to cap staking, I don't actually think it's very important and I don't care much about it at all.
This EIP we're discussing is capping staking at 50%. The whole point of this EIP is to prevent more than 50% of ETH being staked. That's a cap. I'm not against having a cap on staking at any particular value and I don't care too much about what the curve looks like. I care about making sure that any change that you make to the protocol is worth the effort and the disruption, and making sure it doesn't negatively impact things such as security or decentralization.

Always do your own research! BTC is the only crypto that has value. Maybe ETH in the future! Meme coins are like ketchup to French fries!

I’m not conflating anything. You’re speaking about ETH in the present and describing it as the world’s best store of value asset.

> and the bill is carried by everyone holding unstaked ETH
Except stakers pay an opportunity cost by locking up their ETH. Unstaked ETH can be deployed elsewhere on chain to earn yield while staked ETH cannot. 
Unstaked ETH also pays an opportunity cost by not earning staking yield, but offers flexibility. Each ETH holder has to decide where the best opportunity is.
What concerns me about the proposal is what happens when the staking yield is 0%. When buyers (institutional and individual) go to their broker and decide where the invest their money, they'll see a 0% yield for ETH and a 5% yield on Solana. 
If those asset prices are highly correlated, there's no reason for them to choose Eth or the Ethereum chain over another mainstream chain that offers yield. 
I solo stake and have a 3rd party stake some of my ETH. I'll stop staking of the yield drops to 0%. Staking has overhead and risk that isn't worth a 0% return, especially because I can get better returns in a HYSA. 

>Under the current curve, yield never drops below ~1.5% even with ALL ETH staked.
>The incentive to stake never switches off. Where does it stop? It doesn't.
This does *not* say 100% of ETH will be staked. This literally says the incentive never switches off, at all points until 100%. Which is just a mathematical fact.

ETH is not a holding asset.
It's a working asset.
You can literally make 25% a year from LPing ETH/USDC.
If you did that for the past 5 years, you could have gotten in at $3000 and still tripled your money by now.

###[EVMavs Fantasy Football](https://evm-pgf-fantasyfootball.vercel.app/) 🏈
Think this is the 5th season and the 2nd with /u/bbroad25 /u/the-a-word and myself as commissioners
**Redraft on yahoo** - 0.01 ETH buyin, Payouts to 1st-3rd place, 12.5% of the pot goes into an Octant Vault with the yield directed towards Protocol Guild in perpetuity.
Waiting to hear back from a couple more teams, anybody interested in joining if a spot opens up? Also gathering interest in case we have the bodies for a 2nd league.
-------------------
**[Best Ball on Sleeper](https://sleeper.com/i/Y2857aAJmAdYO)** < Join via that link - This is the 1st season for the league so still filling things u. Same 0.01 ETH buyin and payout/public goods funding structure. Will finalize the league settings as soon as we know how many teams there are. Sleeper has a solid slow draft interface so unless the majority prefers a live draft on Yahoo the plan right now is to kick off the slow draft as soon as we're full and everyone is paid.