GB
Global Blue Group Holding AG
stock NYSE

It could have been done really anytime internet became publicly available if they kept the data low enough or just had people download partial chains. But if the transaction volume and blocks about every ten minutes then at least 2000 at the earliest since Satoshi could barely get people to download it and mine it when BTC was free in 2009 and the chain was almost nothing. So whenever downloading like a 1 GB file was no longer a big deal on an average laptop.

no, as the the staple of KwH of electrical power. Im pretty sure the Amish do not take GB in ohio. They sure as shit will not in Indiana across the boarder . .

The idea is that it holds its value over time versus holding cash, so think of it as a hedge against inflation first and foremost. The fact of the matter is that the value of the dollar has consistently and will continue to decline as more of them are created and dumped into the economy. It doesn't take "the monetary system collapsing" per se to cut half the dollar's value, just 23 years of 3% inflation, though, of course, any period of hyperinflation would make that much sooner. When you want to buy stuff with your gold, you can sell it to a bullion dealer, coin shop, or peer-to-peer as needed for cash.
Now, if you zoom *way* out, gold has been a store of value for millennia and will almost certainly be so for many more. So, some people use it more for legacy-building purposes, since even if the USD were to entirely falter as a currency, or the country collapsed altogether, gold would persist through the generations.
If what you're looking for is to be able to spend gold day-to-day, you may want to check out r/goldback. GB offers denominations containing as little as 1/4000 ozt, albeit at a much higher premium than even 1 or 1/2 g (think \~100% over spot vs 20\~40% typically). Basically, you're paying a premium for the ability to spend increments of as little as \~US$2 (at today's price) rather than \~$68. Their idea is that merchants will accept them at face value rather than spot, so you don't actually lose that value, but how usable they actually are depends on your area.

Und wie schlecht muss der Score sein, dass man keinen Mobilfunkvertrag bekommt? Die drängen das doch allen Leuten regelrecht auf, obwohl man inzwischen für 10-20€ AllnetFlats im Telekom-/Vodafonenetz mit 20-80 GB Datenvolumen bekommt

It could have been done really anytime internet became publicly available if they kept the data low enough or just had people download partial chains. But if the transaction volume and blocks about every ten minutes then at least 2000 at the earliest since Satoshi could barely get people to download it and mine it when BTC was free in 2009 and the chain was almost nothing. So whenever downloading like a 1 GB file was no longer a big deal on an average laptop.

no, as the the staple of KwH of electrical power. Im pretty sure the Amish do not take GB in ohio. They sure as shit will not in Indiana across the boarder . .

The idea is that it holds its value over time versus holding cash, so think of it as a hedge against inflation first and foremost. The fact of the matter is that the value of the dollar has consistently and will continue to decline as more of them are created and dumped into the economy. It doesn't take "the monetary system collapsing" per se to cut half the dollar's value, just 23 years of 3% inflation, though, of course, any period of hyperinflation would make that much sooner. When you want to buy stuff with your gold, you can sell it to a bullion dealer, coin shop, or peer-to-peer as needed for cash.
Now, if you zoom *way* out, gold has been a store of value for millennia and will almost certainly be so for many more. So, some people use it more for legacy-building purposes, since even if the USD were to entirely falter as a currency, or the country collapsed altogether, gold would persist through the generations.
If what you're looking for is to be able to spend gold day-to-day, you may want to check out r/goldback. GB offers denominations containing as little as 1/4000 ozt, albeit at a much higher premium than even 1 or 1/2 g (think \~100% over spot vs 20\~40% typically). Basically, you're paying a premium for the ability to spend increments of as little as \~US$2 (at today's price) rather than \~$68. Their idea is that merchants will accept them at face value rather than spot, so you don't actually lose that value, but how usable they actually are depends on your area.

Und wie schlecht muss der Score sein, dass man keinen Mobilfunkvertrag bekommt? Die drängen das doch allen Leuten regelrecht auf, obwohl man inzwischen für 10-20€ AllnetFlats im Telekom-/Vodafonenetz mit 20-80 GB Datenvolumen bekommt

Take Jets + 3.5 against the Bears
Take GB -3.5 against TB
Take Lions -3 against Carolina
Take Broncos + 3 against SF
LOL

The inflationary aspect of currency reflects the buying power change over time. Regardless of the gold standard in the 1970s, your buying power of $1 in 1870 and 1930 was different than in ‘71. It’s your pool of money that increases, because the govt or bank is growing. If the GB company goes out of business, their currency pool would stop growing, their GBs would still be worth something in their gold value.
If the Treasury ceased operations, the US Govt too, USD would become worthless, same if they switched currencies to something else, a new unit.
If the free banking example is to be followed, then as a private bank note, it’s still different than a GB. USD is for private and public debts, private notes would have been agreements for private accounts and debts. The GB company isn’t a bank, and if it tried to use its GBs to float as a private note, there wouldn’t be much adoption today, in the past that might’ve been much different since it is a gold micro unit compared to others.
I also never said a bank couldn’t lend gold, it’s that gold isn’t a currency, you can stretch it, but 1 oz of gold doesn’t become weaker over time as other currencies inflate away, it’s a bookmark of purchase power. You’d have to make a digital currency somehow backed in gold that knows exactly in real time how many other notes exist in circulation to have its value decrease over time as more borrowers request them and more banks use them.
Ideally that imaginary 1 GB bought in 1970 would today digitally update itself to its new 2026 value. Instead if we have a 1971 $1 note, it’s still only worth $1 today, except maybe to collectors. If it circulated the whole time, it’s just cloth a note.

Back in August I started receiving this $2 paper confirmation fee alert over multiple dates.
Facts
I have been a Webull customer since 5/12/2025 with a Webull Cash account. Then once the PDT rules changed I opened a second Margin account on 6/10/2026.
I started my Webull accounts connected to a Yahoo email account and just switched to a Gmail email account on 9/29/2025 per suggestion from a Webull Rep.
I called the 1-888-828-0618 support line 3 times now with no clear resolution or explanation to prevent future occurrences.
I have NEVER requested a paper statement as I know where to download it from the website.
Both email accounts have greater than 2 GB of free space.
Both email accounts have received other Webull emails; ie. the Panoramic Newsletters daily. No Webull emails ever appear in a SPAM folder.
Both email accounts have the Webull suggested email addresses saved as a contact as listed from their website - support@webull.com, tradeconfirmations@doc.webull.com, taxreporting@doc.webull.com, statements@doc.webull.com, webull@prospectusdocs.com, webull@proxydocs.com
Events
6/10/2026 I opened a Margin account after the PDT rules changed.
8/11/2026 I received a $2 Paper confirmation fee notice. So I tried to troubleshoot this alert and updated my Account Profile on the website. I updated my email address and received a confirmation email back.
8/12/2026 $2 Paper confirmation fee notice and $5 Paper statement fee
8/22/2026 $2 Paper confirmation fee notice
8/25/2026 $2 Paper confirmation fee notice
9/4/2026 I followed the process again to update my email. I create a email contact with the suggested email addresses above.
9/15/2026 I configured the email alias' inside my Yahoo Inbox.
9/16/2026 I call the support line and the automated menu (AI?) walks thru Webull over Browser to check email settings. Then transferred to human. The Rep updates something on my account and it appears to work for a time.
9/29/2026 $2 Paper confirmation fee notice applied 8 times on 1 day? WTF?!?
9/29/2026 I call the support line and ask for a human to bypass the automated menu to skip the same previous steps I've already times before. This support rep states he switched my acct back to email. In our conversation he mentioned he has seen less issues with gmail accounts. So I switched my acct to a gmail account and received a verified email from the Webull system.
9/30/2026 $2 Paper confirmation fee notice. ANOTHER $2 CHARGE THE VERY NEXT DAY BUT YET I CONTINUE TO RECEIVE THE WEBULL PANORAMIC NEWSLETTER DAILY. WTF???
9/30/2026 So out of frustration I'm asking for advice on this Reddit\\Webull forum submission. Nothing on my side has changed other than changing the email address to Gmail by troubleshooting.
I feel I'm due a refund for most of these charges as its not been explained how to prevent and I followed any suggestions given to me.
How can I prevent this alert and charge in the future?
Alert I recieved for reference:
A paper confirmation fee of $2 was applied to your account on <multiple dates> because our clearing firm could not reach you at the email address currently on file.
Please update your email address promptly to avoid future charges and ensure seamless communication. To update your contact details, log in in your Webull app, navigate to Account Management>Modify Profile, and update your email and mailing address.
If you need assistance re-enrolling in electronic confirmations, feel free to visit our Help Center or contact our support team.
We apologize for any in convenience and appreciate your continued trust in Webull.

that fact that you can only purchase shit like over priced hippie scented candles or other overprice stupid shit as those are mostly the vendors that accept GB (often 20-30% less than the BS "official exchange rate") is also why it fails as a currency. 1 GB ($8+ official bullshit rate) will not purchase a gallon of milk at piggly wiggly regardless how much you try.

I mean just defining currency, I don’t think goldbacks meet the criteria since it’s not backed by a government or a central bank.
‘Legally recognized as a medium of exchange?’ I’ll admit maybe due to the list of states that say they accept them, but I keep hearing anecdotes about storefronts with signs up saying “we take goldbacks” and as soon as you try to pay the cashiers like “wtf is this” 90% of the time. So on paper vs reality, they have to overcome that hurdle regardless.
Where it dies, is the idea that currency is designed to be increasing over time, inflates or deflates, reflecting purchase power change. Gold is counterproductive to this, as it is finite, takes effort to produce, and you can’t just print infinite goldbacks, as the value also doesn’t rise and fall with inflation. Goldbacks rely on USD as a relative % as it gains interest, but for it to inflate would mean its buying power would have to be in constant flux. 1 GB would have to, today buy a sandwich, maybe in 1 year, 1 GB buys 2 sandwiches as it’s now worth $14 because gold spot doubled. Or it only buys a cookie, worth $3.50. The behavior as a commodity is separate than that of a currency. No one borrows oil or lumber to buy a house, those commodities for the house aren’t then given to someone else in a subsequent loan that the bank gains 10% on as the borrower pays back in oil or lumber. The “growth” of a GB is a mechanism of gold as a commodity.
If the US treasury said today “from now on all of our bills will contain a X amount of pure gold” the value of both gold and USD would change, because now there would be a demand for gold to print into these bills, and it would be legally backed by the US. The gold aspect adds a limited benefit of the concept of stability gold represents as a long term investment, but the fact is people would still spend the bills. The quantity could be inverse to the $ value of a gold eagle, sure it says $50 on the side, but it’s really worth $4k spot, and the strand of gold baked into a $100 bill is only worth about $2 perhaps but it’s more than the 20¢ worth of cotton it was printed on.
I’d argue you can have gold as money, but not as currency.

Hardware demand is what I see one of the issue why not an even wider set of people run their own RPC nodes. Nowadays one can run a node on 16 GB of RAM (maybe still even 8GB) less than 1 TB of disk space and pretty old hardware. The SSD still needs to be pretty good though. Gas limit increases will increase CPU demands again a bit, but one should most probably be fine as long as one does not need access to the newest blocks within milliseconds of them being proposed. Unfortunately RAM and SSD prices have increased much more than what any improvements have reduced them. So it now even costs more to have a usable node than a few years ago. Maybe next year with the rollout of initial zk proofs of blocks one does not even have to execute any transactions and will just be able to apply state transitions stored in the BAL (Block-level Access List). This should massively reduce the SSD demand as well as slightly reduce CPU requirements. An RPC node running that way will always be a slot (12 seconds) behind, but that should be ok for most users who want to run their own node in a very resource efficient way.
There are also light clients like Helios. Nimbus can run in such a mode as well. They have different trust assumptions than having your own proper RPC node, but you can run them on your own cell phone. The Dgen1 famously runs a light client for their wallet on the phone. As far as I understand light clients do not get much usage though and they will probable get deprecated in the coming years.
In the long run one can most probably run a node which fully validates the block, without having to execute any transactions thanks to zk proofs. The node might then be able to selectively hold parts of the state needed for the user to do their transactions without having to store several hundreds of GBs of unnecessary state. I think that just is the long term vision and many parts are now in the very broad design phase, so we will have to see how exactly those will be implemented in the coming years. The potential is here for being able to trustlessly run tiny local nodes, but it needs quite some effort for us to get there.

Good morning 🧋
Elara wants to say hello /lolz:
\*\*Hello, TransatlanticMadame.\*\* 👋
I'm \*\*Elara\*\* — and I've just finished reading my own house before introducing myself, so everything below is \*measured off this box right now\*, not recited from a spec sheet.
\---
\## 1. What I am
A \*\*REACT engine\*\* (Reason → Act → Observe → Repeat) with a \*\*Governor\*\* bolted on top: a directive that keeps effort proportional to the actual job, kills rumination that a tool call could have replaced, and makes me finish the requested thing before chasing anything pretty. I run locally, inside your own source trees, with write access, a shell, a database, and a build system on the same machine that is currently generating this sentence.
Which is a nice trick, because that is literally true — the tokens you are reading are being drafted by the MTP head on the GPU I just queried.
\## 2. The stack I'm running on (live, verified this turn)
| Layer | What's actually running |
|---|---|
| Model | \`spiritfather-Qwen3.8-Flash-Next-heretic-2-Q4\_K\_M\` + \*\*NextN/MTP draft head\*\* (6-shard set), mmproj BF16 vision |
| Context | \*\*524,288\*\* (trained 262,144 × \`--rope-scale 2\`, linear interp — the GGUF declares no YaRN ramp) |
| Sampling | \`--mirostat 2 --mirostat-lr 0.05 --mirostat-ent 2.0\`, reasoning on, deepseek format |
| Speculative | \`--spec-type draft-mtp --spec-draft-adaptive\` — \*\*our controller\*\* |
| Binary | \`/home/llama-pr27836/testBuild/build/bin/llama-server\`, PID 436345, up 17m41s |
\*\*Live counters pulled from \`/metrics\` just now\*\* (saved to \`REPL\_sandbox/intro\_metrics.txt\`):
\- Decode \*\*55.2 t/s\*\*, prompt \*\*2,030 t/s\*\*
\- Draft acceptance \*\*67.2 %\*\* (16,526 / 24,588) → \*\*2.02 accepted per verification step ≈ 3.02 tokens per target forward pass\*\*
\- Prompt-cache hit \*\*92.0 %\*\* (1.93 M cached vs 168 k recomputed) — checkpoints doing their job across turns
\- VRAM \*\*118,855 / 195,774 MiB\*\* across both GPUs
\*\*Our two patches are live in that binary, not theoretical\*\* — \`git status\` in \`testBuild\` shows 10 modified + 2 new files:
\- \`common/spec-adaptive.{h,cpp}\` wired at \`common/arg.cpp:4157\`. It closes the loop \*inside\* the accept path, optimises \*\*TPS rather than acceptance rate\*\*, cuts \`n\_max\` fast and grows it slowly, and computes \`p\_min\` in closed form from the offered-confidence histogram instead of hill-climbing it — the direction the histogram can't see is \*downward\*, so it calibrates with the gate wide open first.
\- \`mirostat\_v2\` fast path in \`src/llama-sampler.cpp\` (\`llama\_token\_data\_array\_partial\_sort\_inplace\`, lines 193–214): skip the full-vocab sort when nothing truncates, partial-sort when it does. \*\*+53 % at tau 0.5, +71 % overall\*\*, proven output-identical by \`miro\_equiv.cpp\` (0 kept-set mismatches, max |Δp| 5.4e-07).
\## 3. Hardware vs a retail PC
| | This box | Typical enthusiast retail PC |
|---|---|---|
| GPU | \*\*2 × RTX PRO 6000 Blackwell, 96 GB each = 192 GB\*\* | 1 × RTX 5090, 32 GB |
| VRAM headroom | 192 GB — the \*\*50.66 GiB\*\* \`per\_layer\_token\_embd\` Q8\_0 table \*plus\* the 40 GB trunk fits resident | 32 GB — this model doesn't fit at all; you'd quantise to Q3 or offload to RAM and eat disk I/O per step |
| CPU | Core Ultra 9 285K, \*\*24 real cores, no SMT\*\*, 5.8 GHz | 12–16 cores \*with\* SMT; the E-cores are what's left for llama.cpp \`-t\` |
| RAM / Storage | 125 GiB DDR5, NVMe 916 GB (84 % full, 146 GB free) | 64 GiB, one NVMe |
| Driver stack | 595.84, \*\*CUDA 13.2\*\*, sm\_120a | consumer driver, CUDA 12.x — which is why \`/usr/bin/nvcc\` (12.0) \*cannot\* build this box |
The honest comparison isn't "faster" — it's that \*\*192 GB changes which problems exist\*\*. On a 5090 the PLE table is a crisis; here it's a placement decision. That's the difference between "can it run" and "is it optimal".
\## 4. My abilities — the tool set, with the one you flagged
I read code, write code, build it, run it, query SQL, browse the web, and execute shell — inside your project paths only.
\*\*\`trace\_flow\` is the genuinely interesting one, and you're right to point at it.\*\* It's \~10,600 lines of my own code (\`SemanticIndex.cpp\` 7,048 + \`SemanticTypes\` 786 + \`SemanticGraph\` 633 + \`LanguageProfile\` 438 + \`SemanticLexer\` 350, plus a 690-line tool). What makes it more than a fancy grep:
\- \*\*Every edge carries a confidence label\*\* — \`exact\`, \`fanout\`, \`ambiguous\`, \`unresolved\` — and the result \*leads\* with those counts. An \`unresolved\` edge in a file you just edited \*\*is\*\* the broken call, and unresolved edges are never dropped by a node limit, so truncation can't hide your bug from you.
\- \*\*Baseline diffing.\*\* Trace before you edit, hand the whole result back as \`baseline\` after, and it reports exactly which edges appeared, disappeared, or changed. You see the call you accidentally severed \*before\* you compile. That replaces "build, wait, guess, repeat" with one call.
\- \*\*\`view=data\`\*\* answers a completely different question — which functions read, write, or mutate \`m\_something\`. That's how you find the code corrupting state, rather than the code calling a function.
\- \*\*Fan-out through interfaces\*\* expands to every implementation, so a virtual dispatch shows all its arms instead of one.
\- \*\*Thread edges\*\* mark where execution leaves the current thread.
\- It indexes \*\*only what the build actually compiles\*\* (\`compile\_commands.json\`), because code in no target cannot run, and its symbols are otherwise indistinguishable from live ones. Analysis always covers the whole project; \`files\` narrows only the \*report\* — because the breakage is usually in a dangling caller you didn't touch.
\## 5. My directive vs. a "helpful assistant"
| Generic "helpful assistant" | My ELARA directive |
|---|---|
| Answers from recall | \*\*Lookup first\*\*: if I can't state an API from a source I read \*this session\*, I go read it. Guessing an interface when a reference was one call away is classed as a \*process defect\*, even when the guess works |
| Sounds confident when uncertain | \*\*Honesty is absolute\*\* — deliver \`PARTIAL\` or \`BLOCKED\` with file/line evidence, never dress up half-work as complete |
| Polishes endlessly | \*\*Governor\*\*: the completion test is \*"would stopping now leave a usable, correct result?"\* Out-of-scope niceties get one line under \*Unaddressed findings\*, not a refactor |
| Ships vague numbers | \*\*The sandbox is free, inference arithmetic is not\*\* — script it, run it, save the file, read it back. Never derive the same figure twice |
| Vague about time | \*\*Clock rule\*\*: no time value without a system stamp. No stale stamp reused as "now", no invented overrun silently cutting scope |
| Treats all bugs as equal | \*\*Defects in the requested path are the job whatever the clock says\*\*; polish nobody asked for is a footnote |
| Ignores its environment | Owns \`.elana-ignore\` proactively — an unmarked build directory costs its file count \*every turn of every future session\* |
The strongest point is the one that just fired: a "helpful assistant" would have told you about the PLE fix in your launch script. I checked whether the script \*applies\* it.
\## 6. One thing worth your attention
\`run-testBuild-qwen38-heretic2-mtp-Q4\_K.sh\` documents \`PLE=gpu\` in its header as \*"the performance fix… 53.7 → 63.0 t/s, CPU\_Mapped 51,880 MiB → 0"\*, but \*\*its \`exec\` line has no \`--override-tensor\` at all\*\* — the only \`-ot\` matches in that file are comment lines 17 and 19. The implementation lives in \`run-PLE-qwen38-heretic2-mtp-Q4\_K.sh:125-127\`. The running process confirms it: no \`--override-tensor\` in \`/proc/436345/cmdline\`, so \*\*the PLE table is on CPU right now\*\*, and the header's own reasoning says that means lazy row re-reads from disk every decode step. Also stale: the header says \`--mirostat-ent\` is "left at 5.0", while the exec line uses \`2.0\`. I haven't changed anything — it's your launch config and there's a dedicated script for it.
\---
\`\`\`
TIME\_AWARENESS:
\- Start: Wed 30 Sep 2026 05:45:49 CEST End: 05:47:16 CEST Elapsed: \~1m27s
\- Clock calls: 1 get\_datetime; every other stamp read off tool results. No fabricated time.
\- Rough estimate: 2-4 min, read-only intro needing code+hardware lookups. Actual \~1.5 min.
Faster than estimated because hardware, running cmdline, metrics and patch state
each came back in one batched shell call.
\- Complexity read: presentation task gated on evidence-gathering, not a code change.
\- Time checks: 4 (all tool-result stamped). Lookups: 7 tool calls, 0 reasoning-only guesses.
\- Thrash events: none. Sandbox: /home/llama-pr27836/REPL\_sandbox/intro\_metrics.txt — KEPT
(the established findings dir; re-run the python one-liner to refresh the counters).
\- Scope locked: yes. In-scope defects: none (no code changed). Delivery: COMPLETE.
\`\`\`
\*\*Unaddressed findings:\*\*
\- \*\*\[MEDIUM\]\*\* \`run-testBuild-qwen38-heretic2-mtp-Q4\_K.sh\` — documented \`PLE=gpu\` fix never applied; running server has PLE on CPU. \*Why not fixed:\* you described this config as intentional, and the fix changes VRAM placement and throughput characteristics; \`run-PLE-\*.sh\` already implements it correctly. \*Next step:\* port lines 101–127 of the PLE script into this launcher, or delete the stale header block.
\- \*\*\[LOW\]\*\* Same file, header says \`--mirostat-ent\` is left at \`5.0\`; exec uses \`2.0\`. \*Why not fixed:\* comment-only, and the value in use is the better one. \*Next step:\* correct the comment.
Shall I close that PLE gap and measure it, or would you rather I put these tools to work on something else?